Pronouns and Possessives : Unit 30, I/me he/him they/them, etc.

A.      People

Subject : I            we          you        he           she         they

Object  : me       us           you        him        her         them

Subject	Object
I                  I like Ann We             We like Ann You            You like Ann He              He likes Ann She            She likes Ann They          They like Ann	Ann likes me.                 Me Ann likes us.                   Us Ann like you.                  You Ann likes him.                Him Ann likes she.                 Her Ann likes they                 Them

Use me/him/her, etc. (object) after prepositions (for/to/at/with, etc.) :

-          This Letter isn’t for you. It’s for me.

-          Where’s Tom? I want to talk to him.

-          Who is that woman? Why are you looking at her?

-          We’re going to the movies. Do you want to come with us?

-          They are going to the movies. Do you want to go with them?

B.      Things

Subject :  it                 they
object   :  it                 them

-          I want that book. Please give it to me

-          I want those book. Please give them to me.

-          Sue never drinks milk. She doesn’t like it

-          I never go to parties. I don’t like them.

-          “Where’s the newspaper?”    “You’re sitting on it.”

Future and Modals : Unit 29, I’d rather . . .

Ann likes to sit on the floor. She doesn’t
want to sit on a chair. So she says:

I’d rather sit on the floor. (= I would prefer
to sit on the floor.)

I’d rather . . . = I would rather.

A.      I would rather ( do something) = I would prefer ( to do somethng ) :

I’d rather (I would rather)

Do . . . stay . . . have . . . be . . .

I’d rather not (I would rather not)

Do . . . stay . . . have . . . be . . .

Would you rather

Do . . . stay . . . have . . . be . . .

-          I don’t really want to go out. I’d rather stay home. (= I’d prefer to stay home)

-          “Shall we go now?”     “No, not yet. I’d rather wait until later.”

-          I want to go now but Tom would rather wait until later

-          I’m feeling tired. I’d rather not go out this evening. (= I’d prefer not to go out)

-          Sue is feeling tired. She’d rather not go out this evening.

-          We’re not hungry. We’d rather not eat yet.

-          “Do you want to go out this evening?”    “I’d rather not.”  (= I’d rather not go out)

-          “Would you rather have milk or juice?”    “Juice, please.”

-          What would you rather do? Go to the movies or watch a video at home?

B.      We say “I’d rather do something” (not “to do something”) :

-          I’d rather sit on the floor. (not “I’d rather to sit”)

-          Sue would rather not go out. (not “would rather not to go”)

But we say “I’d prefer to do something” :

-          I’d prefer to sit on the floor.

-          Sue would prefer not go out. (not “would rather not to go”)

But we say “I’d prefer to do something” :

-          I’d prefer to sit on the floor.

-          Sue would prefer not to go out.

C.      You can say “ I’d rather do . . . than . . . “ :

-          I’d rather go out than stay home.

-          I’d rather have a dog than a cat.

-          We’d rather go to the movies than watc a video at home.

Future and Modals : Unit 28, Would you like . . . ?

A.      Would you like . . . ? = Do you want . . . ?
We use Would you like . . . ? to offer things :

-          “Would you like  some coffe?”
“Yes, please.”

-          “Would you like a cigarette?”
“No, thank you. I don’t smoke.”

-          “What would you like, tea or coffe?”
“Tea, please . . . “

We Use Would you like to . . . ? to invite someone :

-          Would you like to come to a party?

-          “Would you like to have dinner with me on Sunday?”

“Yes. I’d love to.” (= I would love to have dinner with you.)

Where would you like to go this evening?

B.     I’d like ( I would like) is a police way of saying “I want” :

-          (in a restaurant) I’d like fish, please.

-          I’m thirsty. I’d like a drink.

-          I’d like to watch the news on television.

C.      Study the difference :
Would you like . . . ? / I’d like . . . .
Do you like . . . ? / I like . . .

-          “Would you like to go to the movies tonight?” (tonight)
“Yes, I’d love to go.”
but   “Do you like to go to the movies?” (in general)
“Yes, I go to the movies a lot.”

-          “I’d like an orange. (= I want an orange now.)
but     I like oranges. (in general)

Future and Modals : Unit 27, Should

Should + base form (should do / should write, etc.) :

I/we/you/they He/she/it

Should Shouldn’t

do go stop write

A.      (Someone) should do something = It is a good thing to do or the right thing to do :

-          Tom should go to bed earlier. He usually goes to bed very late, and he’s
always tired.

-          It’s a good movie. You should go and see it.

-          When you play tennis, you should always watch the ball

-          When way should we go? Left or right.

B.      Shouldn’t (or should not) = It’s not a good thing to do or it’s not the right thing to do :

-          Tom shouldn’t go to bed so late.

-          You work all the time. You shouldn’t work so hard.

C.      We often use think with should :

I think . . . should . . . :

-          I think Ann should buy some some new clothes.
(= I think it’s a good idea.)

-          It’s late. I think we should go home now.

-          “Should I buy this coat?”    “Yes, I think.”
you Should.

I don’t think . . . should . . . :

-          I don’t think you should work so hard.
(= I don’t think it’s a good idea.)

-          I don’t think the police should carry guns.

Do you think . . . should . . . ? :

-          Do you think I should buy this jacket?

-          What time do you think we should go home?

D.      ought
ought to = should :

-          I ought to go home now. (= I should go home know.)

-          It’s a good movie. You ought to see it. (= You should see it.)

Remember that we say “ought to do” (with to), but “should do” (without to) :

-          Ann ought to buy some new clothes. (not “Ann ought buy”)